The Progression of Film - 2022 Words

The biggest problem humans have been having since the dawn of time is, how do we entertain ourselves? . One would assume it began with fire, something that aroused the eyes and entertained the mind.Though fire may have been the beginning, centuries upon centuries later a much more highly intelligent form of entertainment revolutionized the world, motion pictures. In the dog eat dog world of entertainment Film reigns alpha dog. Film has some of the biggest influence on the world around us. It shapes our adolescence, teaching foreign things to the young developing mind. Cinema has spurred riots, love, and murder. So the question is, whats are these powerful pieces of art? I am going to make a name for myself. If I fail, you will†¦show more content†¦Motion pictures became the leading attractions on the vaudville bill. Owners of vaudeville theaters could choose the filmt they desired from the Edison inventory and show them in whatever order they pleased. The Edison Company dev eloped a more efficient projector known as the Projectoscope or Projecting Kinetoscope in November 1896, and abandoned marketing the Vitascope (About). In the modern world of Film, money rules all. Critic reviews have little to do with the status of your film, production companies are typically intersted box office results. In the media, films that gross the highest are considered the best, but some patrons of cinema disagree. Many cult films such as Napoleon Dynamite or Dazed and Confused did poorly in the boxoffices and are now considered classics. This is where the politics of a sort come to play in the industry. Many directors and writers are creating works of art, in which they pour their feelings into, yet the media occasionally portrays major production companies as only being concerned with financial profit. It can create quite a quarel between the creators and the companies covering the costs. Due to ticket inflattion and the changing of currency values, it is difficult to determine what is the highest-grossing films through the entire history of motion pictures. Some say Snow White did amazing in the box office and could even compare to some of theShow MoreRelatedScientific Progression in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and the Film, Blade Runner1184 Words   |  5 Pagesdebatable experimentation and thriving ambition could evoke on humanity are explored in the novel. Likewise, â€Å"Blade Runner†, a sci-fi film directed by Ridley Scott in 1982 is a futuristic representation of Los Angeles in 2019. The film reflects its key widespread fears of its time, particularly the augmentation of globalization, commercialism and consumerism. 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Gunning further looks into the progression in film narrative by analysing the use of parallel editing, understanding the development of film from an exhibitionRead MoreFilm Review : Blue Velvet1378 Words   |  6 PagesDavid Lynch’s 1986 film Blue Velvet is recognised worldwide for not only it’s manipulation of the psychological horror and film-noir genres, but also for it’s compelling portrayal of shifting erotic triangles and homosocial bonds. The scenes shown between 1:27:00 and 1:32:23 provide a clear snapshot of these complex relationships, and give insight into other character interactions throughout the wider film. References to the infamous Oedipal complex and Freudian findings, as well as succinct manipulationRead MoreRun Lola Run By Tom Tykwer1513 Words   |  7 PagesRun Lola Run (1998), directed by Tom Tykwer, is an intense, fast paced action film with a rather simplistic plot and unexpectedly deeper philosophical implications about fate, chance, time, choice, and consequence. 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In this essay, I will discuss the level of accuracy in the film, Still Alice, directed by Richard Glatzer and Wash WestmorelandRead More Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pagesgames began modestly, in a primitive age that had a littile yellow dot scour a maze eating little white dots. Since then, video games have expanded exponentially. Thes e games even spand genres, including action, adventure, sports, etc. In their progression, many video games have attempted to simualte really, emersing the gamer into this puesdo-reality. Although some attempts were unsuccessful in fully depicting reality, one game managed to bring this vision to fruition. The Grand Theft Auto seriesRead MoreThe Impact of Hollywood in American Society1568 Words   |  6 Pagesand could finally bring their great films to life. 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Class And Achievement In Education In The Uk Education Essay Free Essays

string(83) " the findings of Atkinson and adds that a kid should be given duty to prepare him\." Sociologists have established that difference in category has a bearing on accomplishment in instruction of the students. We can give four ground for this appraisal: general cognition ; proviso of certain stuffs ; difference in cultural values and attitudes ; and the procedure of labeling schools. ( Haralambos, M A ; Holborn,2004 ) Although difference in general cognition or IQ degrees of students can non be straight related to societal category so it would be wise non to research this theory further. We will write a custom essay sample on Class And Achievement In Education In The Uk Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Now maintaining the other three factors in head, I ‘ll analyse the advantage and disadvantages of each of the three ( lower, in-between, and upper ) categories and associate it with their academic accomplishments. A Poverty is defined to be when an single receives income, which is at most 40 % of the average income in UK. With this standards in head about 13.5 million persons of which 2.9 million kids can be said to be in the lower category of the societal hierarchy in the UK in 2008. Students belonging to these places are more likely to hold deficient diet ensuing in lower energy and concentration degrees. Illness could be another effect and that could take to losing school ; at place they likely do n’t hold a dedicated room for survey ; with limited purchasing power they cant afford better books or tuition ; taking parttime occupations may be a demand which would intend less clip for survey. Their options are limited to province schools and colleges. Choosing higher instruction would intend for them to do some fiscal forfeits and would possible consequence in them choosing to non prosecute farther instruction. Hyman suggested that students from lower category are at a cultural disadvantage so the other societal category pupils. He feels that comparing with the in-between category, lower category is non that ambitious as they feel that they are seeking to work off from their grass roots ; they thinks that they have a really obstinate attack towards this and do n’t quite acquire the construct of doing short term forfeits for long term additions. Sugarman reinforced Hyman theories and added that the ground for such behaviour might be based on their ain experiences of working in an environment with really small growing chances and deficiency of grasp or encouragement to advancement. In add-on to the positions held by Hyman and Sugarman, Douglas said that in-between category and upper category parents tend to back up more in their kid ‘s faculty members. This theory has been proved by the attending at the parents- instructor meetings. Pierre Bourdieu has a different return on the thought that lower category students are at a cultural disadvantage. He feels that the underachievement of kids from these places lack the ‘cultural capital ‘ . He agreed that there is a difference in civilization of the upper, in-between and lower category, but maintained that no 1 is to state which is less of import than the other. Upper category has an advantage of holding power and resources to rule the society with their civilization. By a dominant civilization Bourdieu means that the upper category and perchance in-between category have one pes on success as they are likely to be in contact with good paying occupations because of the environment they are being raised. For this ground Pierre believes that lower category students do n’t miss civilization and heritage but the difference in their civilization from the remainder keeps them at a disadvantage. Sociologists believe that the procedure of labeling in schools can besides hold a negative or positive consequence on the kids Hargreaves stated that students from working category are denied academic rubrics and privileges and so to counterbalance for this they kids tend to misbehavior. Students take labels like â€Å" worthless â€Å" as an encouragement to move in this manner. And the more you try to halt them the more they move off. Nell Keddie added some classs are designed otherwise for different sets of students. In this instance their professors thought it ‘d be wise to non expose the working category pupil to these surveies, in fright that they would non understand it. So in this instance the promise of better and more understanding instructors would assist these kids. Once once more this labeling environment is rarely found in the center and upper category pupils. ( Cole, M, 1995 ) A pupil ‘s chase for success is a direct effect for her academic motive. No two human existences are precisely the same and therefore execute otherwise in certain state of affairss than one another. Likewise pupils differ in their demand to win. Academic achievement motive is used to intend the student ‘s demand or drive towards the accomplishment of success. Gesnide states the importance of function theoretical account in a kid ‘s life. If high winners surround a kid than it is more likely that he will seek to follow their act. On the other manus if he is amongst low winners than that would barely actuate him to win. We define â€Å" place environment † as all the conditions and experience in place, which help develop a kid ‘s manner of thought and his emotional demands. There are many factors, which account for a certain signifier of place environment. Such as the educational background of a pupils ‘ parents, outlooks, income and figure of siblings. All these factors straight influence a kid ‘s ‘ public presentation in school. ( Meighan, R A ; Harber, C ( 2007 ) Atkinson and Feather found out that pupils who have male parents working at high paying occupations are more motivated to acquire better classs at school. To Atkinson it was obvious that the will to win additions with the societal position. Harmonizing to Atkinson the ground for better public presentations by center and upper category pupils was down to the preparation these pupils received at place. They found out that parents who give freedom in decision-making are making a better occupation at actuating their kids for academic excellence. Majoribanks concurs with the findings of Atkinson and adds that a kid should be given duty to prepare him. You read "Class And Achievement In Education In The Uk Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" Expectations should be kept high and the grade of complexness of undertaking should be raised to develop a sense of achievement in the kid from a immature age. ( Davies, N, 2000 ) Now lets take a expression at the fluctuation in male and female public presentations in instruction. From surveies conducted by Sean Coughlan it is observed that misss have done better than male childs in all societal categories. The engagement from adult females in universities has been on the addition. At the minute it stands close to 49 % by misss and merely 38 % is comprised of immature work forces. Reports suggest that success by adult females is non merely a tendency seen in all societal categories but besides in all cultural groups. This tendency is attributed to the deficiency of male instructors in the primary schools. Sociologists believe that male childs are more motivated to execute good in category if they are being taught by male instructors. About 75 % of primary schools in UK have no male instructors in their staff. This tendency has been stretched into ulterior old ages now as pupils lose some motive to larn, and other factors like non being able to speak about toughs to their female school teachers. Another survey tells us that there is a deficiency of male function theoretical accounts in the form of invitee talkers and voluntaries. Other sociologists attribute this tendency to deficiency of resort areas at school. Since male childs have more physical energy they need to exercise more before they can eventually settle down and survey. And decreasing figure of resort areas means that male pupils lose more and more involvement in school. ( Lawton, D 1992 ) One noteworthy thing might be the instance where the betterment of misss in faculty members over the few decennaries may merely be the illustriousness and due to their obedient behaviour more than anything else that have seen them out execute the male childs. But one thing is for certain that this tendency is consistent with all the societal categories. So this can non be considered a direct nexus towards societal category and accomplishment in instruction in UK. Lashkar-e-taibas further honkytonk into the statement beyond ethnicities. It wont be incorrect to state that cultural minority pupils such as the Chinese and Indian -Origin students have been superb academically. But the Afro-Caribbean students are non executing excessively good. Recent findings show that consciously or unconsciously racism by does persist at some degree. Although some instructors are known to assist these pupils. In his book, Bernard Coard states that the UK instruction system is unsupportive of afro-Caribbean kids as it makes them experience like they do n’t belong. He farther states that their idiom is ridiculed ; white symbolizes something good whereas black means something bad ; black pupils become a mark of labeling. ( Majors, R ( erectile dysfunction ) , 2001 ) Cecile Wright supported Benards ‘ research. He said that professors seldom brought Asiatic and black kids into group treatments. As they felt that the Asian and the black pupil do n’t hold lesser communicating accomplishments. However, instructors besides had higher outlooks of Asian beginning than of Afro-Caribbean beginning students. ( Journal: Race, Ethnicity and Education ) Gilbourn and Youdell joint findings confirmed the frights faced by the cultural minority students. They explained ground for the under-performance of Afro-Caribbean studentsA due to the fact that, Afro-Caribbean pupil were admitted and placed in lower grade GCSE scrutinies. And the focal point of the professors has chiefly ever been on the high winners and second-rate pupils and assisting low winners ( who were normally black ) was secondary. These grounds sum up to ensue in bad public presentations by the black pupils. ( Wright, C 2000 ) Most sociologists believe that labeling theories hold some substance. And make supply an reply for the favoritism in category and ethnicity in the field of instruction. But the critics of such statements believe that these tax write-offs are based on little group of students. And these findings might be biased. Surveies by the University College London ( UCL ) and Kings College London came up with statistical grounds back uping this statement. This study uses figures released by the Department for Education and Skills. â€Å" These are really of import findings, which should alter the manner parents, students and politicians think about schools, † says Richard Webber, professor at UCL. â€Å" This is the first clip we have been able to mensurate the precise impact of a kid ‘s societal background on their educational public presentation, every bit good as the importance of a school ‘s consumption on its standing in the conference tabular arraies. † The survey concludes that schools with more â€Å" middle-class † pupils have a good faculty member record. It even went on to state that 50 % of any college ‘s academic public presentation is due to the category of it pupils. In classy countries, the passing rate in schools is 67 % and for colleges its 94 % . For the pupils coming from working category places, merely 13 % have a good consequence in the endlish trial. And merely 24 % of students get five-plus classs of C or above in their GCSE. â€Å" The consequences show that the place of a school in published conference tabular arraies, the standard typically used by parents to choose successful schools, depends more on the societal profile of its students than the quality of the instructors, † says Webber, who, along with Professor Tim Butler from Kings, has devised new school conference tabular arraies from the information that take the societal background of each student into account. â€Å" The consequences of the survey will be published at the terminal of the twelvemonth by the UCL. But it included pupils from 61 different socio-economic groups with their background known. ( Power, S, Edwards, T, Whitty, G, A ; Wigfall, V 2003 ) In the yesteryear it was seen that the working category were far behind than the remainder in footings of academic accomplishment. But one would believe that this tendency should get down to alter in 2011, if non already hold changed. But what we miss to see is that the foundation of the whole instruction system has already been laid. And that is to function the involvement of the center and upper category. Harmonizing to Ken Roberts, the new policies created in footings to increase the demographic of academic winners are nil but an semblance. As he says that the elitism merely favors the in-between category, as they are non truly cognizant of the state of affairs, which surrounds them. It ‘s non truly a bias on their portion but a manner of life. Bourdieu adds to Roberts ‘s theories by stating that the privileges of the working category have been overshadowed by the dominant civilization of the in-between category. And this tendency has reflected in the field of instruction. And even after being portion of a individual province schooling system, the difference in consequences supports on broadening. ( John, G, 2006 ) This tendency is most in grounds in the UK. A study by the Lond School of Economics showed that UK has the lowest alterations in societal up step or debasement. This tendency besides highlights the fact that better classs would take to better occupation and hence and betterment in the societal category. But since the study suggests really small societal mobility, that besides means that the lower category are non executing rather every bit good as the in-between category and the in-between category are non executing rather every bit good as the upper category pupils. Even though immense development have been made in the field of instruction and there has been a monolithic addition in the figure of pupils being taught in schools, colleges and universities but the tendency of accomplishing success has remained the same in the UK instruction system. Summarizing up, these tendencies are due to a combination of cultural difference, fiscal difference, and the labeling policies that are being practiced in schools and colleges all over the UK. Unfortunately these tendencies while working against the on the job category, favor the center and upper category. So pupils from hapless households get hapless classs on their tests. Lashkar-e-taibas besides consider the relationship between ethnicity, sex and category. Of the three societal category no uncertainty the most ascendant factor. Girls, from all categories get higher classs than male childs. This tendency is chiefly attributed to a little or no sum of male instructors in primary school. This consequences in controling the enthusiasm and motive of male students. But since this tendency is over all categories we can non see it the specifying factor to associate accomplishment and societal category. Even though Chinese and Indian- beginning pupil have done good in the UK instruction system but by and large the cultural minority, particularly the 1s from working category have non done good academically. But from the positions of sociologist and some factual statistics there is no uncertainty that societal category is the most revealing factor in accomplishment in instruction. This tax write-off holds true for primary and secondary schools. But the right balance of category laterality can non be gauged right in colleges and universities because of the few bright and high achieving pupils, belonging to take down category, non many really choose to travel for higher instruction. Merely approximately 25 % of these pupils go for higher surveies. So the comparing can be made at school degree but at college or university degree there is still a really little group of kids to pull a unequivocal tax write-off. As stats tell us that the engagement of this category is every bit low as merely 10 % in colleges and universities. This is down to the cultural spread and them non desiring to do fiscal forfeits and be in debt by the clip they graduate. Having that we can safely reason that the links between societal category and high academic winners is really evident and apprehensible. How to cite Class And Achievement In Education In The Uk Education Essay, Essay examples

Merits and demerits of a balanced scorecard

Introduction Many organizations in the twenty first century usually use the balanced scorecard to align their strategies and visions. This is usually one of the strategic plans within such Companies. This concept is also usually incorporated by non profit organizations and government bodies.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Merits and demerits of a balanced scorecard specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is also usually used in the measuring of overall performance of organization in relation to set goals. Some businesses usually use it to enhance their external and internal communications. (Atkinson, 2006) This concept is mostly known to have been initiated by Kaplan in the early 1950’s but started being implemented in the nineties. This model is mostly used to analyse employees’ activities throughout the year. This concept is usually praised for its advantages as a management framework within organization. It is also highly criticized for its various limitations experienced by users. This paper looks in-depth at the pros and cons of a balanced scorecard framework of performance management. (Kaplan and Norton, 2004) Merits Balanced view of organizational performance Just like any other framework of managing performance within organizations, the balanced scorecard has its pros and cons. One of the merits of the balanced scorecard is that managers are able to have a view of organization’s performance that is usually balanced in nature. This is comparing to other traditional methods that were used to analyse Company performance. In most cases, the methods would give financial aspects of the business only. They usually overlook other aspects that are part of organizational performance. (Kaplan and Norton, 2004) The balanced scorecard looks at all the features in the light of Company objectives. This enables management team to ascertain whether Company objectives are b eing met or not. This is considering the fact that an organization may be performing spectacularly in financial terms but has poor organizational development. (Neely, 2007)Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This also could include very poor customer satisfaction. It is also possible for an organization to be making enviable profit while its communication systems are poor and processes outdated. A balanced scorecard helps managers to analyze all these aspects and to have an overall view of the Company performance. Through the use of a balanced scorecard, there is a comprehensive view of the organization. (Pandey, 2005) This tends to overturn the conventional idea of organizations having separate departments and isolated functions. It helps to show that all units within organizations are correlated. Analysis of all essential departments helps management team to correct areas that require change. This also includes putting rectification measures in time before the Company’s performance is adversely affected. (Zanini, 2006) Helps in implementing organizational development Through the use of a balanced scorecard, it is easy to implement organizational development. Organizational development is usually implemented in an official and organized way. It involves, coaching and instructing employees in areas of need. It also helps in accomplishment of organizational goals. Majority of the goals are usually long term in nature. Organizational development is known to be part of the strategic plan in many Companies. This is where staffs are trained and educated on various areas such as customer care and resource management. The use of a balanced scorecard may show the customer care levels to be very low within the organization. This usually indicates that staffs need training on customer care. Through this method, staffs easily trained on areas shown t o have a deficit in service delivery. Research shows few managers implement strategic planning. (Atkinson, 2006) The use of strategic maps as part of the balanced scorecard helps the organization to know its participation in achievement of strategic goals. The balanced scorecard in itself can be used to educate staffs on different organizational aspects.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Merits and demerits of a balanced scorecard specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through the balanced scorecard, it is easier to show staffs on the essence of incorporating more training and development. Staffs get to know the effect of training on overall performance of the organization both in the short term and long term. (Neely, 2007) Benefits of long term performance remedies are enjoyed Further analysis of the balanced scorecard shows that it is quite advantageous as compared to other traditional methods. Other traditio nal methods of performance management analysed financial situations in the Company. This usually resulted in incorporation of short term remedies on handling the problem. For instance, an organization in financial performance would have short term corrective measures put in place. These usually included an increase in prices among other interventions. (Pandey, 2005) Most of the times the short term remedies never worked in the long run resulting in a situation where organizations still had the initial problem to solve. When using a balanced scorecard, managers analyse both the short term and long term effects of remedies. This usually helps as managers are able to put in place strategies that work well for the organization even in the long term. Organizations that usually utilize the balanced scorecard as a framework of managing performance benefit from long term interventions of improving performance. (Zanini, 2006) Flexibility Analysis of the balanced scorecard shows that it makes it very easy to make amendments to the organization when need arises. This makes the system to be highly portable and quite flexible to use. Global and local business markets are usually known to be very unpredictable with changes occurring on a day to day basis. Such changes in the business environment usually necessitate organizations to make internal changes. A balanced scorecard usually helps to make necessary amendments in case of such changes in the business environment. A balanced scorecard helps to make changes in objectives and day to day measures so that strategic goals within the organization can be achieved.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Clear map that is strategic in nature Research shows that the balanced scorecard clearly illustrates the strategic and operational features in an organization. In most cases, organizational measures, actions and day to day decisions tend to waver away from the organization’s strategy. The management team in the organizations usually assumes that they are usually working on strategic goals while this is not usually the case. (Neely, 2007) The incorporation of the balanced scorecard as a framework of managing organizational performance helps in this realization. It usually provides a clear map that is strategic in nature. This also usually includes the cause and effect features of every action. These usually include measures taken on a day to day basis in relation to organizational goals. These strategic maps are simple and can be interpreted by any of the staffs within the organization. This is even those who may not have any prior knowledge in strategic management. (Zanini, 2 006) Planning tool A balanced scorecard is usually very essential in organizations since it can be used by managers as a planning tool. As earlier on illustrated, the business environment is highly characterized by uncertainty. Despite this, a balanced scorecard can be used to put in place a rational budget for a business’ financial year. It can also be used for resource allocation. This is more so financial and material resources within an organization. This is usually based on the fact that a balanced scorecard provides a fact based and systematic management framework. This usually helps to replace planning based on intuition. It usually helps managers to anticipate future outcomes. This is usually because of leading indicators in a balanced scorecard. The simulations and cause –effect features of the balanced scorecard make planning easier. (Neely, 2007) Facilitates improvements within an organization A balanced scorecard is usually known to facilitate improvement w ithin an organization. A balanced scorecard raises the visibility of managers on what is going on within the organization. This is because it shows areas that are currently performing well and those that are performing poorly. At one glance, managers can identify areas that need to be worked upon. (Neely, 2007) Through this, managers easily identify areas that require urgent changes. This spurs improvements to be carried out within the organization. Managers are usually able to identify best practices within an organization through the use of a balanced scorecard. Proponents of this model assert that a balanced scorecard helps to create more innovation opportunities within organization hence improvement of service provision and overall performance in organizations. (Zanini, 2006) Enhances accountability Unlike other traditional frameworks of performance management, the balanced scorecard is more comprehensive in nature. Various features within the organization are thoroughly analyse d and not just financial aspects. This tends to encourage accountability of stakeholders within the Company. This is founded on the fact that the work done in every department has to be analyzed. This in most cases is not just the accountability of employees but also that of the management team. (Pandey, 2005) Some organizations tailor the balanced scorecard such that time management of all staffs and management team is analysed. This also usually includes the way they relate to other staffs within the organization. Employees and management team tend to be more responsible as they go about their duties. (Kaplan and Norton, 2004) Essential in benchmarking Balanced scorecard helps managers to identify areas that are performing poorly within the organization. Benchmarking is part and parcel of strategic management. Many businesses are incorporating benchmarking in order to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. An essential step in benchmarking is identifying processes within an organiz ation. Generally, benchmarking gives a different view of handling quality issues within an organization. It actually acts against any resistance to change whatsoever. This entire process can be carried out by an organization as an individual venture or as a joint undertaking between organizations. (Kaplan and Norton, 2004) A balanced scorecard makes it easy for managers to identify the process within the Company. It also makes it easy to compare the performance of various processes and departments. This allows improvement of quality of production, service delivery to be improved through benchmarking process. It is also essential to note that the balanced scorecard can be used for comparing performance of processes and departments between organizations. (Neely, 2007) Break down of measures at the corporate level A balanced scorecard is usually known to help in breaking down measures at the corporate level. This is such that managers at local levels clearly understand their role in en hancing organizational effectiveness. This also includes the role of the rest of the employees within the organization in improving overall corporate effectiveness. This makes stakeholders take their positions and roles since they get to understand the organizational measures in their respective levels. This means that the organizational strategy is usually made operational through overall translation into targets and measures for each group of staffs. (Zanini, 2006) Limitations Scorecard metrics There are also some limitations of using a balanced scorecard as a framework of managing performance in organizations. One of limitations is the fact that the metrics in the framework do not relate to all organizations. It means that the balanced scorecard metrics cannot be used for all organizations that would desire to use it. This usually leads to a situation where some organizations incorporate the balanced scorecard, use the metrics. These are usually not beneficial to the organization . This makes the entire process of using the balanced scorecard meaningless as the organization may not benefit at all. It is usually recommended that managers tailor make metrics that are usually relevant to the organization before using the balanced scorecard. This would help analyse and improve current performance. (Atkinson, 2006) Limited view of organizational performance Critics of the balanced scorecard assert that it does not give a full view of Company performance. The scorecard has four major areas that managers use as a framework of analyzing performance. These areas in essence are mostly meant to show development and growth aspects of any business. The four areas, according to critics, do not who the overall picture of performance in an organization. It is usually worth noting the financial metric on the framework is not comprehensive in nature. It is highly recommended that managers use the balanced scorecard as part of strategy that is bigger. There is mostly the need for organizations to incorporate comprehensive accounting models as part of the bigger strategy. This usually helps to have a more overall view of Company performance. (Atkinson, 2006) Incorporation of non financial measures For an organization to use the balanced scorecard, it has to tailor the metrics to the Company processes in order to enhance relevancy. This means that managers have to include non financial metrics in order to have an overall view of performance. This has been cited to be a complicated venture. This is usually based on the fact that organizations usually have many non financial departments. It is mostly difficult for managers to identify non-financial metrics to be included and those that should be excluded. This is because the balanced scorecard cannot be effective if all dimensions within the organization have to be included in the framework. (Kaplan and Norton, 2004) When the dimensions are very many, the balanced scorecard usually has high chances of failin g. Critics of the balanced scorecard assert that it is challenging to track non-financial dimensions. This is because the dimensions are usually subjective in nature. The biggest challenge for managers is to include dimensions that are mostly related to outcomes that are usually defined in nature. (Neely, 2007) Time consuming While the balanced scorecard has been applauded for myriad advantages, it has one major limitation. It is usually a very time consuming process. This requires managers to burn the midnight oil trying to workout the balanced scorecard to suit their organizations. Collecting information concerning all the metrics on the balanced scorecard takes a lot of time. Usually this involves collecting information from various stakeholders within the organization. The implementation of the balanced scorecard requires participation of both the management team and staffs. If any of them fails to participate then, the process can never be successful. This in the long run is us ually quite time consuming. (Pandey, 2005) Limited in scanning external environment A balanced scorecard is an essential tool of analysing the internal environment in organizations. This tool is usually limited since it cannot be used to scan the external business environment. This means that balanced scorecard cannot be used in scanning external environmental factors. It cannot replace external environmental systems used to analyse the environment. Managers need to incorporate other systems when scanning the external environment. (Pandey, 2005) Resistance in initiating balanced scorecard Researchers assert that there are various challenges commonly faced when managers try to implement a balanced scorecard. It is usually resisted by some of the staffs during the initiation process. This is usually because they do not see the holistic picture. This requires total commitment of top management. In most cases, employees tend to resist the new system, since they perceive it as a tool tha t is mostly used to show underperformance. Some staffs tend to perceive it as unnecessary addition of administrative tasks. (Atkinson, 2006) Conclusion A balanced scorecard is usually incorporated as part of a Company’s strategies. It mostly used to align strategies and visions in organizations. It is also usually used in the measuring of overall performance of organization in relation to set goals. This concept is mostly known to have been initiated by Kaplan in the early 1950’s but started being implemented in the nineties. This model is usually used to analyse employees’ activities throughout the year. The model has various advantages and limitations. A balanced scorecard gives balanced view of organizational performance. It enhances flexibility when amendments need to be made. It also usually encourages accountability of staffs and even the management team. It is useful to benchmarking process and helps in implementing organizational development. A balanced scorecard also has its limitations. This includes the fact that it is time consuming. It requires a lot of time to include all the metrics in the framework of performance management. It is quite challenging for managers to include all the metrics in the balanced scorecard. It is limited in scanning external environment. This means that it can only be used in scanning the internal environment in organizations. Critics of the balanced scorecard assert that it gives a limited view of organizational performance. This is because it is not all inclusive in terms of relevant metrics in organizations. All in all, balanced scorecard is quite instrumental in organizations and the merits far outweigh the limitations. References Atkinson, H. (2006). Strategy Implementation- A role for the Balanced Scorecard:  Management Decision. 44, 10: 141-1460. Kaplan, R., and Norton, D. (2004). Measuring the strategic readiness of intangible  Assets: Harvard Business Review, 82(2): 52-63. Neely, A. (200 7). The search for meaningful measures: Management Services 51, 2:14-17. Pandey, I. (2005). Balanced Scorecard Myth and Reality: Interfaces, 30, 1: 51-64. Zanini, M. (2006). The Balanced Scorecard here and back: Management Accounting Quarterly, 7, 4: 18-23. This research paper on Merits and demerits of a balanced scorecard was written and submitted by user Makenzie U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Succeed as a Freelance Blogger (by someone whos done it)

How to Succeed as a Freelance Blogger ( I never really aspired to be a writer. Writing was something I used to refer to as a â€Å"secondary skill.† I used it in my previous job (as a property manager) like most other people do: to write emails and letters. I never thought I could make a living out of it. And yet, here I am–nearly two years later–a bona fide professional writer, averaging earnings in excess of $7,000 per month. It’s been quite a ride. I don’t have time to share that ride with you in this article, but I do have time to give you an overview of freelance blogging - the profession that has changed my life. Why Freelance Blogging Isn’t Beneath You The common perception amongst many freelance writers is that freelance blogging is bargain basement territory. And while there are plenty of low-paying jobs in circulation, there are also many gigs that pay very respectably. Furthermore, there are a huge number of other benefits to freelance blogging. You can start with no experience or qualifications. The nature of blogging dictates that work will be consistent and ongoing. You can build I could go on, but my overriding point is this: do not dismiss freelance blogging. It is not only a viable option - it is one I heartily recommend. How to Start Freelance Blogging When it comes to establishing yourself as a freelance blogger, you can quickly rise to the top of the pile if you are willing to work hard and focus on doing the right things. On the assumption that you are already an accomplished writer, there are just two other big pieces of the puzzle: 1. A blog of your own. The best clients won’t be too keen to hire you if you can’t clearly demonstrate your blogging capabilities. 2. Samples. You’ll want to get published on a number of (preferably popular) blogs in order to demonstrate that others have put their faith in your writing talents. Starting a blog is free, and getting published samples is as simple as submitting guest posts to blogs that accept them. Once you have some momentum on those fronts, it’s time to start pitching for jobs via online job boards (such as ProBlogger). You won’t get the best-paid jobs upfront, but once you’re established, future clients will find your I haven’t sought out a client since 2011 - they’ve all come to me. What Have You Got to Lose? This article is just a brief introduction to freelance blogging - in reality, there is a lot more to learn. However, I hope that this has been convincing enough to galvanize you into taking a closer look at this young and highly lucrative market. If you are interested in finding out more then check out my blog’s archives. You’ll find a wide selection of freelance writing articles there. And if you have any questions at all, please don’t hesitate to get in touch!

Composing Pharmacy Personal Statements

Composing Pharmacy Personal Statements Pharmacy personal statements are tough to write. Not only must potential students describe their personal perspectives and characteristics, but they almost must be persuasive in their argument for why they are excellent candidates for pharmacy school. All in all its a tough assignment tough, but not impossible! Before you start writing your pharmacy admissions essay, I recommend that you first take a moment and map out your game plan. What, specifically, do you plan to discuss in your statement? Frequently, such a distinction is unnecessary as many pharmacy schools give applicants a topic on which to write. In any event, however, it helps to be organized. Once you know your topic, I recommend that your narrow the scope. If, for example, you are asked to write on why you would make a good pharmacist, you should take some time to think on that question and come up with as detailed an answer as possible. Stay away from broad responses (such as I would make a good pharmacist because I care about people) and lean more toward specific instances in your life that have led you to believe you are right for the field. Like all admissions essays, pharmacy personal statements arent a breeze to write. They arent supposed to be! With that in mind, take your time and use all the resources you can to execute a brilliant composition. For more information on writing a medical school essay, or if you have questions about other fields such as writing an MBA essay, please access the link provided.

Memorandum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Memorandum - Essay Example There are three candidates waiting for the heart transplant. The first candidate is Jerry, who has 3 teenage daughters studying and an unemployed wife. He is the bread winner in the family and is 5 years short of his retirement eligibility. His chances of living after a heart surgery will be 10-15 years. The second candidate is a 12 year old girl named Lisa. Her father works in the same hospital and offered to donate or give $2 Million dollars if the heart will be transplanted to Lisa. Lisa suffered 12 years of lifelong health issues and her chances of living after the surgery are not good. The hospital needed money to finish the construction of the specialized facilities that could help a lot of patients. The third candidate is Ozzie who happens to be a 38 years old homeless drug abuser. He is single and his heart condition is due to excessive intake of cocaine. He is also a volunteer in a certain charity and is teaching and helping troubled teens and giving them insights and wisdom against drug abuse and other issues. He signed a contract in the same charity and will continue working as a counsellor-mentor if he will get the transplant. Ethics is defined as the study of right or wrong conduct which focuses on moral situation (Ruggiero, 2008). In the situation above we can definitely say that making the decision on granting the heart transplant to only one of the three candidates is very difficult. There are a lot of things to consider. At first, when evaluating the three candidates, my feelings deeply sympathize for Jerry. Jerry is the most suitable candidate to get the transplant because he is the one which has the highest chances of living years and he has 4 family members who will be benefited. His 3 children need his support for their education and his wife is unemployed. But in making an ethical decision, feelings such as sympathy are not reliable for analysing moral issues (Ruggiero, 2008). When deciding by feelings, it is completely ignoring other people’s feelings (Ruggiero, 2008). According to J.S. Mill and Jeremy Bentham who are the most famous teleological ethicists, the most ethical action is the one based on utility or consequence and is the one which gives the most benefits and least harm. When making a decision on principles of utilitarianism, we should consider everyone affected by the decision. In this situation, Jerry will directly benefit 4 persons, Ozzie will benefit the troubled children and Lisa will help the hospital finish the specialized facilities and will help a lot of patients. Lisa’s condition may not be good after the heart transplant, but her father, an oncologist in the same hospital, will donate a big amount of $2 Million that wil l greatly help improve the hospital and will therefore serve and help more patients in the future. The benefit that Lisa can give is a long-term benefit to a number of patients. Granting the transplant to Lisa will definitely boost Dr. Doe’s loyalty to the hospital and his loyalty to the patients. Although Ozzie can help a lot of troubled children serving as a counsellor-mentor, his chances of recidivism to drug addiction is high. And if he

East Asian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

East Asian - Essay Example Qian had the prerogative to choose who, what, why and how things happened in his history. Qian chose to quote his sources as much as possible. An example is the account of the attempt made by Jing Ke on the life of the first Chinese emperor, which was an eyewitness account by the great-grandfather of his father's friend, who served as a low-ranked bureaucrat at court of Qin and happened to be attending the diplomatic ceremony for Jing Ke. Qian also created highly probable and consistent events even when there were none available. His work eventually consisted of 130 chapters about Dynastic houses, the biographies of the Han emperors, dates of events, descriptions of rites and rituals, music, and various other topics of interest. Also included were the histories of the states which existed during pre-Qin China and the biographies of other important personages in history. Before The Records of the Grand Historian, historical texts tended to downplay the role and events from other dynasties and played up their own. This tendency was also present in Sima Qian's historiography. Qian portrayed the Han dynasty as having the Mandate of Heaven and gave lesser importance to the dynasties that preceded it. Among the features that Qian emphasized in his work was the ascendant character of the Han Dynasty. Consequently, he depicted the preceding Qin dynasty, which was Legalist, as evil and as such deserved to be replaced by the Han which prescribed to Confucianism. This theme is recurrent in his biographies which often contained moral lessons and anecdotes. Qian also took every opportunity to point out that Legalist ideals which were abundant and commonplace in the Qin Dynasty did not benefit anyone unlike Confucian ideals which redounded to benefits for the people. Examples of these biographies which justified the ascendant moral plane of the Han were the Chen She, Han Xin and the Empress Lu. This bias of Qian's against the Qin dynasty is fairly evident throughout The Records of the Grand Historian. Qian's favorable disposition towards Confucianism is explained by his belief that it is a more preventive means by which to keep peace among the peasants. He believes that fair, just and moral rulers will beget fair, just and moral peasants for them to rule. This common nature when achieved among both rulers and peasants would result in peace, according to Qian's beliefs. In contrast, he believes that the Legalist approach is able to preserve peace through the rule of a tyrannical government. He contends that a tyrannical government places all its constituents, peasants, nobles and ministers alike, under threat of mistreatment and enslavement. Qian also pointed out that there are major differences in how the Qin and Han perform their rites and treat their ancestors. In Confucianism, rituals and ancestors were central in their beliefs. This was exemplified in the biographies of Han Xin and Chen She. Qian pointed out that the latter's grave was cared for by thirty families which saw it as an honor to perform such duty. Qian also related how Han Xin buried his mother "on a high broad expanse of earth with room enough around to set up 10,000 households," similar to the treatment received by an honored ruler. Both personages were practitioners of Confucianism in their lifetime and were correspondingly rewarded with power and influence. In contrast, Qian's biography of the